Node.js, Python, and Java differ significantly in their core language paradigms and ecosystems, which affect how authentication and security are handled. Node.js, being JavaScript-based and event-driven, often leverages asynchronous patterns with libraries like Passport.js for authentication. Python, known for its readability and simplicity, has frameworks such as Django and Flask that provide built-in or extensible authentication modules. Java, a statically-typed and object-oriented language, benefits from mature, enterprise-grade security frameworks like Spring Security, which offer robust and configurable authentication mechanisms suitable for complex applications.
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